BuddyPress.org

@budskab
They are not visible until the user fills them out. In the My Account Menu at the top right hover over it and select Profile/Edit. When you are on the next screen below the profile tabs you will see “Base” and whatever other field group you created. By default you will be on “Base” these fields are the ones that correspond with your registration form. The other Field Group button you made will display the other fields you created within that field group. This is assuming your theme is functioning correctly. If you are still having issues you may want to try some basic troubleshooting by activating a known theme that works well with BP like Twenty Twelve or bp-default as well as disabling any plugins other than BP. Good luck!

@budskab
This link should work below. You could also add an image to replace the text providing you know some basic html.

<a href="<?php global $current_user; echo home_url() . '/' . $current_user->user_login . '/profile/edit/group/2/'; ?>">Edit My Profile</a></div>

@budskab
The code I provided calls the current user dynamically if that is what you are wondering. Even thought it is one link it will take each user to their edit profile field group you created. Feel free to experiment around with it. Try these as well:

<a href="<?php global $current_user; echo home_url() . '/' . $current_user->user_login . '/profile/edit/group/1/'; ?>">Edit My Profile</a></div>

Or:

if ( is_user_logged_in() ) {
<a href="<?php echo bp_loggedin_user_domain(); ?>">Profile</a>//link to users profile
<a href="<?php global $current_user; echo home_url() . '/members/' . $current_user->user_login . '/friends/'; ?>">Friends</a>//link to users friends 
<a href="<?php global $current_user; echo home_url() . '/members/' . $current_user->user_login . '/messages/'; ?>">Messages</a>//link to users messages
}

As a final thought if you add those links I would wrap them in a conditional to check if the user is logged in like the links just above.