BuddyPress.org

Hi Toni,
Firstly ought to say that your list above really reads like the outline of a project scope and that worries me slightly in that I feel there may be a little misconception of what you may be able to achieve simply by dropping in plugins to your site, plugins aside to get a site operating on such specific lines as you outline may require a degree of specific customization and that may entail coding skills in advance of your present level.

As for plugins available there may be a few worth looking into – also do check the plugins group listings as all BP plugins are listed there.

Item #5 you might achieve using :
https://buddypress.org/community/groups/jet-event-system-for-buddypress/

Or
https://buddypress.org/community/groups/eventpress/

#6 you might be able to fashion something from either:
https://buddypress.org/community/groups/cubepoints-buddypress-integration/
Or
https://buddypress.org/community/groups/achievements/

For things like donation tabs you might need to look through the WP plugin repository.

User blogs are available when you set up your WP install as Multi Site, you will need to vist the WP codex documentation for a guide to enabling multi site.

The other requirements do not really fall under the guise of a single specific plugin and will take some constructive thought as to how to implement, other members may have an idea or two.